Radio Show

Radio Show

Claire: Hello everyone and welcome to The Dollys Show. We have a very exciting show for you today, but first Breaking News!

Leia: Today has officially been marked as Black Tuesday. This is due to the fact that the stock market has taken yet another large drop. As you all may know unless you receive a margin call there is no need to worry.

Lexí: On a lighter note we have a new music line up for you all today. Let's start it off with Ella Fitzgerald cover of Cole Porter's song 'Let's Do It (Let's Fall In Love)'...(play song here) Coming up,  the back story of Babe Ruth, but first a little Louie Armstrong...( play song here)

Claire: You all know Babe Ruth as The Great Bambino, but just recently I had the chance to really get to know Babe Ruth and learn about his life at home as well as his childhood. As a child Ruth was sent away to a reformatory school where he picked up his baseball skills. Later on in his career he met Helen Woodford and they then adopted a child together. Four years following, they seperated due to infidelities. Currently, Babe Ruth is said to be focussing more on his career as a baseball superstar. That's all for your daily sports update.

Lexí: Thank you for tuning into the Dolly Show on this fine evening. Tune in tomorrow for compositions of your favorite artist, latest storys, and sport news. Good night!

McCarthyism

On November 14, 1908, Joseph McCarthy was born into a Roman Catholic family as the fifth of nine children in

 Appleton, Wisconsin. McCarthy’s downfall finally began in October of 1953, when he started to investigate 

“communist infiltration into the military.” This was the final straw for then president Dwight D. Eisenhower, who 

realized that McCarthy’s movement needed to be stopped. Reporters, Drew Pearson included, and other critics 

soon hopped on board, publishing unflattering articles about Joseph McCarthy and his methods of seeking out 

the supposed communists in America. He lost his position as chairmanship on the Government Committee on 

Operations of the Senate and in December of 1954, a censure motion, which is a formal reprimand from a 

powerful body, was issued condemning his conduct with the vote count at 67 to 22. He created McCarthyism to 

gain more followers. McCarthyism is the practice of making accusations of disloyalty, subversion, or treason 

without proper regard for evidence. It also means "the practice of making unfair allegations or using unfair 

investigative techniques, especially in order to restrict dissent or political criticism." The term has its origins in 

the period in the United States known as the Second Red Scare, lasting roughly from 1950 to 1956 and 

characterized by heightened political repression against communists. As well as a fear campaign spreading 

paranoia of their influence on America and espionage by Soviets agents. The term McCarthyism is also now 

used more generally to describe reckless, unsubstantiated accusations, as well as attacks on the character or 

patriotism of political adversaries. During the McCarthy era, thousands of Americans were accused of being 

communists or communist sympathizers and became the subject of aggressive investigations and questioning 

before government panels, committees and agencies. Many people were falsely accused of being communists, 

hundreds of americans lost there jobs and were interigated harshly. McCarthy died in May of 1957 after being 

diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver due to heavy drinking. The resounding effects of McCarthy’s era symbolized 

the pure terror of communism during the time due to the Cold War.

"Stolen Into Slavery" by Judith and Dennis Fraddin

The book I read was called "Stolen Into Slavery" and it as about a man (Solomon Northup) who was

illegally captured into slavery. It is a true story written by Judith and Dennis Fradin. The story begins

when Solomon is a free man living in Saratoga Spring, New York with his wife and children. He plays

the violin for parties and he is popular among the crowd. But one day, two white men ask to take him

on tour with them and offer him a great deal of money. He thought he would only be gone for a few

days so he didn't think to leave a note for his family. The next thing he knows he is laying on the cold,

filthy floor of a slave dungeon in Washington DC. Solomon tries to explain to the men that he is free

and he has papers. But when he reaches into his pockets, all of his papers are gone. The men had

known he was free but they also knew they could get away with this fraud because who would believe

Solomon? Other than people that can do nothing to help him. So that is where the next 12 years of his

life begins. Solomon had been a free man his whole life. His parents were free and lived in the north, so

he was automatically free and so are his children. He never knew what it was like to be a slave.  He is

then sold to another slave owner that runs a cotton plantation. It seems as if his troubles get worse as

everyday passes. Solomon starts to forget his old life and the slave life becomes his normal. After 12

years of being sold and re-sold to malicious slave owners, Solomon is freed and goes home to Saratoga

Springs where his family is still waiting for him. This book is very relevant to American History

because slavery was a giant part of this country's evolution. This true story was a great example of how

it was really like for black people of those times.

Earth Day

"A Fierce Green Fire" summary

This film was about the history of how the environmental movement started. It showed protests and speeches and many other things that people did to get the attention of the public and hopefully get more of them to join in the movement. The film went through the different stories of different people that were trying to save the planet in different ways. For example: the Sierra Club supported the environment and tried to save the Grand Canyon and other rivers from being dammed. " A Fierce Green Fire" was basically about how the environmental movement began.

Environmental Movement: Solar Power

2013 was a great year for the solar power movement. They gained much momentum and many more followers since 2012. The whole idea of using solar power is to lessen the use of normal electricity and lower the costs of normal electricity. By the end of  2013, 100% of new generated power was not related to coal, oil, or nuclear power. All they are trying to do is gain popularity and expand their movement. On the website, they even have ways to save power without using solar power, since they know that not everyone can afford to install all new technology. Different companies are coming up with new and better ideas for solar energy. for example: "New Energy Technologies  Inc." came up with an idea to make windows that collect solar power from the sunlight shining through them. Their main idea s to install these windows in skyscrapers or very tall buildings to collect the most power they can. I think that the solar power movement is a great idea because the amount of energy that people use is crazy, and they know that people wont give that up. So, they invented a way to still us all the power that we want, but make it earth-friendly.

 http://solarpowermovement.com/
http://www.solar-tracking.com/ 

Chapter 12 section 1 questions

Cost Plus Contract

Instead of asking companies to bid for a contract when the military needed war equipment, the government signed cost-plus contracts. This meant that the government would pay a company whatever it costed to make the products, plus a guaranteed percentage of the products profit.
Reconstruction Finance Corporation

The government wanted more companies to convert into making military supplies, but not all companies had the money to change all of their factory equipment. So the gov. Gave more authority to the RFC. They could now give out loans to companies to help them convert to war production.
What kind of factories did we use to make our tanks? 

Automobile companies began building tanks, trucks, and jeeps since they were already equips for mass production of large vehicles.
B-24 Liberator

Henry Ford launched the project of building enormous B-24 bomber assembly lines inside of an automobile factory. It's nickname was "The Liberator."
What's a liberty ship?

A basic cargo ship used during the war. Most of the ships were welded instead of riveted because welded ships were cheap and much harder to bring down than riveted ships.
What was the problem with training for the troops -- find a quotation that is descriptive of the problems with training.

" The Army Jim Crows us . . . . Employers and labor unions shut us out. Lynchings continue. We are disenfranchised . . . and spat upon. What more could Hitler do to us than that?"- anonymous black college student. The problem with the training for the troops was that they were heavily segregated and a lot of the non- Caucasian people were treated badly.
What was the 'Double V' Campaign

A leading African American newspaper launched ideas for the "Double V campaign." The double V stood for double victory. African Americans were encouraged to fight in the war to achieve the victory over Hitlers racism and a victory over racism at home in America.
What was the role of African Americans in the War?

After American leaders saw how well African Americans preformed in the army, they played very important roles in the war. For example: 99th pursuit squadron (all African Americans) were sent to the Mediterranean in 1943 and played a large role in the battle of Anzio in Italy. Also, the all- African American 761st tank Battalion was commended for its services during the Battle of the Bulge. Even though the war did not end all segregation, African Americans being a big part of fighting in the war expanded their roles in the armed forces.
What was the role of Women in the war?
Although women could not fight in combat, they were allowed to participate in war activity for the first time during WW1. It was said they they were needed to "release a man for combat" meaning that they took the roles that men used to play, allowing more men to be available for combat. Many women also became nurses in the army.

Battle of The Bulge

In December of 1944 Adolf Hitler decided that he wanted to split the Allied Forces of Northern Europe, so he got his troops together to surprise Blitzkrieg thrust to Antwerp in attempt to scatter them. His goal was to surprise everyone because they all thought that the war was over, but he believed that if he split the allied forces, he could turn the tide of the war in his favor. Which is what the Germans had tried three times before. The Americans fought desperately for the allies and many battles were fought for the title of the winner. One day, the Allies were walking over a field and looked as if they were a large moving bulge; that is where the name of the battles came from. Even though the Allies had seen the same thing before from the Germans, they were still caught off guard and didn't have strong troops put together.

On December 16, the most tragic ad desperate battle was fought in the deepest of the Ardennes forest. The US was pretty inexperienced at this time and was almost annihilated. The Germans suffered a fuel shortage which was fatal to Hitlers plan, but the battle was still the most costly fight that the U.S. has ever fought even to this day. The U.S. suffered about 100,000 casualties.

Sources:
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/battle-of-the-bulge
http://www.army.mil/botb/

Test Review

I Intro
           The Great Depression quickly drove the American people into an economic crisis unlike any other in this country before or since. the most overpowering and longest downturn in our history of economics; this threw millions of hard working individuals into poverty. For more than a decade, neither the free market nor the federal government was capable to renovate prosperity.

II Causes (The causes of the great depression were over-speculation, Government policy, Unstable Economy)

A over-speculation (Define, how important)

• the assumption that property values would rise
• in a bad economy, people loose their money and are unable to pay their loans and they loose money on their investments.

B Govt Policy 

• the general principles by which a government is guided in its management of public affairs, or the legislature in its measures. A general term used to describe all contracts of insurance.
• the execution of framework under which governmental and non-governmental organizations work to resolve one or more social, economic or political issues of society.
  

C Unstable Econ

1 uneven prosperity

• not all people in the 20s were "roaring": African Americans, farmers, and immigrants all faced some difficult times

2 overproduction

• overproduction of products: Wheat
• farmers lost money due to too much produce and not enough consumers.

3 worker issues / farm issues

•  many people got laid off during the great depression
• the dust bowl greatly effected the farmers. many had to move to cities and try to get factory jobs which was almost just as difficult.
• the unemployment rate went as high as 25%

III Effects

A Poverty

• the state of being extremely poor
• millions of Americans became unemployed which drug them into poverty

B Society

• crime rates rose very high as the poverty levels worsened. people were in need of essentials and the only way to get them was to steal.
• Suicide rates also rose during this time, the people became so depressed because they felt like they could do nothing to come out ontop of the depression.

C World- changes in quarters

• United States- depression began in 1929-3rd quarter, recovery began in 1933-2nd quarter
• Germany- depression began in 1928-1, and recovery began in 1932-3
• Japan- depression began in 1930-1, recovery began in 1932-3
• Poland- depression began in 1929-1, recovery in 1933-2.

IV Solutions

A Hoover

Hoover: 31st President of the United States; in 1929 the stock market crashed and the economy collapsed and Hoover was defeated for reelection by Franklin Roosevelt (1874-1964)

1 Volunteerism

the use or involvement of volunteer labor, esp. in community services.

2 Public Works
he work of building such things as roads, schools, and reservoirs, carried out by the government for the community.

3 Hawley Smoot
'Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act' U.S. law enacted in June 1930 which caused an increase in import duties by as much as 50%. The Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act goal was to increase U.S. farmer protection against agricultural imports.

4 RFC
"reconstruction finance corporation" is an indépendant agency of the US government, established and chartered by the US congress in 1932, act of jan 22 1932, during the a dmi nitration of herbert hoover

B Roosevelt- 32nd US pres.; reelected in 1936; brought second new deal programs and policy through congress

1 new deal- A series of domestic programs enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1938. They involved laws passed by Congress as well as presidential executive orders during the first term of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

a alphabet soup

            example-FCA- (farm credit administration) to begin helping farmers refinance their mortgages

            example-HOLC- (Home owner's loan Corporation) to help home owners pay their mortgages

            example-CCC- (civilian conservation Corps) combined roosevelt's love of nature and commitment to conservation with the need to help the unemployed.

            example-SEC- (Securities and Exchange Commission) to regulate the stock market and prevent fraud.

b Criticism 

•  Roosevelt’s New Deal came under attack from the right, from Republicans, conservative Democrats, bankers, and Wall Street financiers who claimed that it doled out too many federal handouts. 

2 2nd new deal

a the second new deal was the legislation that roosevelt and congress passed between 1935 and 1938.

b Franklin Delano Roosevelt- 32nd US pres.; reelected in 1936; brought second new deal programs and policy through congress

c the second new deal legislation relied more heavily on the Keynesian style of deficit spending than the first new deal.

V Criticism

B Political Criticism (ex. Came from both the Conservatives and Liberals)

• Many socialist activists denounced the New Deal because they believed that it was too conservative and that it did not provide enough relief and assistance. 

A Conservatives- 
these critics also feared that the policy and programs involved were a dangerous step toward socialism and the destruction of the American capitalist system.

B Liberals (ex: criticised the new deal also. They….)

• Alfred M. Landon -  Kansas governor who ran against FDR on anti–New Deal Republican ticket in election of 1936

Ex- soviet agents in the united states went so far as to launch a "popular Front" campaign to actively support the president.

Ex-Moreover, an unprecedented number of people joined the american communist party during  the decade.

VI Effectiveness

A Changes in US- 

• Roosevelt altered his policy making in part because of complaints from critics and in part because, by 1935, it was clear that more Americans still needed federal relief assistance. 
• more jobs and bank crisis diminished
• helped the public trust the government more 

B Unions

• balanced competing  economic interests 
• The court-packing scheme took a severe toll on Roosevelt’s popularity and marked the beginning of the end of the New Deal.

C Culture

• more and more americans learned about birth control to avoid the added expense of unexpected children.
• mass migration reshaped the american mosaic
• marriages were delayed as many males waited until they could provide for a family before proposing to a prospected spouse. diverse rates dropped steadily in the 1930s

VII Conclusion
            The Great Depression met its end due to the programs and policies to mend the nation ( finances, recourses, and people were placed at rest). As the Great Depression began to weaken the American people were placed upon an exceptional challenge: WWII.